7. Citizenship
Rights and duties of the citizen, with modals of obligation, prohibition and possibility.
AaRésumé du cours
Vocabulary
Citizen, citizenship, rights and duties, to vote, election, democracy, civic engagement, to obey the law, to pay taxes, volunteer work, civil society, community, to take responsibility.
Grammar: modals
- Obligation: must, have to; no obligation: don’t have to.
- Prohibition: mustn’t.
- Advice: should, ought to.
- Possibility: may, might, could ; ability: can.
- Past: had to; should have + past participle (criticism of a past action).
Function: expressing obligation and lack of obligation
Citizens must respect the law. You don’t have to be rich to help others.
Writing: an article about a good citizen
Definition → qualities and actions (vote, volunteer, protect the environment) → personal commitment.
✎Exemples corrigés
Exemple 1
Choose: You (mustn’t / don’t have to) throw litter in the street.
Voir la correction
Exemple 2
Criticise a past action: He didn’t vote in the last election.
Voir la correction
?Teste-toi
Clique sur la bonne réponse.
-
You ___ wear a uniform; it’s optional.
Réponse
b) don’t have to — No obligation. -
Paying taxes is a…
Réponse
b) duty — Obligation of citizens. -
You ___ cross on a red light!
Réponse
a) mustn’t — Prohibition. -
He ___ studied more. (regret/criticism)
Réponse
a) should have — should have + past participle.
Résumé rédigé par Nqraw selon le programme officiel marocain.